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Accounting
Information Systems, 12e (Romney/Steinbart)
Chapter 20
Introduction to Systems Development; Systems Analysis
1)
A system change that results in an improved product or service and helps lower
costs provided a(n)
A)
competitive advantage.
B)
improved business process.
C)
productivity gain.
D)
technological change.
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2)
An antiquated information system used by an office supply manufacturer caused
customer dissatisfaction since it took two days to process a telephone order.
After the system was upgraded and redesigned, the time to process a telephone
order was reduced to three minutes. This is a prime example of
A)
a competitive advantage.
B)
a technological change.
C)
an improved business process.
D)
growth.
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3)
What is the correct sequence of the phases in the systems development life
cycle?
A)
conceptual design, physical design, system analysis, implementation and
conversion, and operations and maintenance
B)
conceptual design, system analysis, physical design, implementation and
conversion
C)
system analysis, conceptual design, physical design, implementation and
conversion, and operations and maintenance
D)
system analysis, physical design, conceptual design, and operations and
maintenance
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4)
In which phase of the systems development life cycle are the broad needs of the
users converted into detailed specifics that are coded and tested?
A)
conceptual design
B)
implementation and conversion
C)
physical design
D)
systems analysis
5)
The purpose of systems analysis is to
A)
identify the problem to be solved by the new (or redesigned) system and the
causes of the problem in the current system.
B)
determine design specifications for the new (or redesigned) system.
C)
communicate information needs to consider during business process
reengineering.
D)
discover any violations of policies established by the information systems
steering committee.
82
6)
Which of the following statements about systems development is true?
A)
Planning throughout the systems development life cycle promotes coordination
between systems and strategic plans.
B)
Organizations should conduct systems development activities at least once every
five years.
C)
The systems development steps are critical for profit-oriented businesses, but
are too expensive and time consuming for most not-for-profit organizations.
D)
Diligently following the steps and suggestions in the systems development life
cycle ensures the final system will meet user needs and be implemented at or
below the budgeted cost.
7)
Which of the following about planning for systems development is false?
A)
Project plans are developed for each new system and each system modification,
and together the project plans comprise the master plan.
B)
A project development plan includes an economic feasibility analysis and a
schedule of activities.
C)
The master plan identifies system goals, who will develop the system, and the
resources that will be needed.
D)
The master plan includes details about organizational goals, existing systems
and resources, projects being conducted, and predictions of future needs and
requirements.
83
8)
Which of the following activities is performed during the systems development
life cycle?
A)
assessing the ongoing feasibility of the project
B)
managing the behavioral reactions to change
C)
planning
D)
All of the above activities are performed during the life cycle.
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9)
Which group of individuals listed below can be the most effective in generating
employee support and encouraging the development and acceptance of an AIS
project?
A)
accountants
B)
information systems steering committee
C)
management
D)
project development team
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10)
Who of the following is responsible for ensuring that the new system will meet
the needs of users?
A)
accountants
B)
the information system steering committee
C)
the project development team
D)
the system analysts and programmers
83
11)
Who is responsible for preparing the specifications that are used to create the
programs?
A)
management
B)
programmers
C)
systems analysts
D)
the information systems steering committee
83
12)
One step in the systems development life cycle (SDLC) identifies and evaluates
design alternatives and to develop design specifications. This step is called
A)
conceptual design.
B)
implementation and conversion.
C)
physical design.
D)
systems analysis.
82
13)
In which step of the SDLC do all of the elements of the system come together?
A)
conceptual design
B)
implementation and conversion
C)
physical design
D)
systems analysis
82
14)
What is the role of the information systems steering committee?
A)
It is a team of systems specialists, managers, accountants, and auditors that
guides project development.
B)
Since AIS development spans functional and divisional boundaries, an executive-level
group is established to plan and oversee the IS function.
C)
The group takes an active role in designing system controls and periodically
monitoring and testing the system to verify the controls are implemented and
functioning properly.
D)
None of the descriptions above are appropriate.
82
15)
Which group of professionals is responsible for planning and monitoring a
project to ensure timely and cost-effective completion?
A)
information systems steering committee
B)
management
C)
project development team
D)
system analysts
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16)
All of the following are benefits of planning and managing systems development except
A)
controlling costs.
B)
ensuring that the system is consistent with the organization's goals.
C)
guaranteeing use of the system.
D)
helping keep the organization abreast of technological change.
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17)
In which plan within planning systems development is the prioritized list of
projects contained?
A)
project development plan
B)
scheduled project plan
C)
the master plan
D)
all of the above
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18)
What is the basic building block of information systems planning?
A)
the master plan
B)
the project development plan
C)
systems analysis
D)
adaptability
19)
A planning horizon of at least ________ years is reasonable for any master
plan; however, the plan should be updated at least ________ each year.
A)
3; twice
B)
5; twice
C)
7; once
D)
5; once
83
20)
________ requires that all activities and the precedent and subsequent
relationships among them be identified.
A)
CASE
B)
The Gantt chart
C)
The PERT diagram
D)
The SDLC cycle
83-584
21)
A network of arrows and nodes representing project activities that require an
expenditure of time and resources and the completion of initiation of
activities, respectively, is called
A)
a Gantt chart.
B)
a PERT diagram.
C)
a SDLC cycle.
D)
CASE.
22)
Which planning technique does not show the relationships among various
activities?
A)
Gantt chart
B)
PERT
C)
the critical path method
D)
VAN
23)
In which phase of the systems development life cycle is the feasibility study
first performed?
A)
conceptual design
B)
implementation and conversion
C)
physical design
D)
system analysis
85
24)
A federal law demands that certain information about foreign customers should
be maintained in the information system. In which part of a feasibility study
should this requirement be considered?
A)
economic feasibility
B)
legal feasibility
C)
operational feasibility
D)
technical feasibility
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25)
Which of the following parts of a feasibility study is generally considered the
most important and is frequently re-analyzed?
A)
economic feasibility
B)
operational feasibility
C)
scheduling feasibility
D)
technical feasibility
86
26)
What is the basic model used to create a framework for economic feasibility
analysis?
A)
the capital budgeting model
B)
the cash budgeting model
C)
the cost/benefit model
D)
All of the above models are used to create a framework.
87
27)
What is most difficult to quantify when assessing economic feasibility?
A)
benefits
B)
costs
C)
Costs, benefits, and the payback period are all of equal difficulty.
D)
the payback period
87
28)
When using the payback method to determine economic feasibility of projects,
the company usually accepts the project with the
A)
longest payback period.
B)
mid-range payback period.
C)
payback period that is equal to the project's economic life.
D)
shortest payback period.
87
29)
There are several important aspects to be considered during a feasibility
study. The aspect that asks the question, "Can people use the system and
will they use it?" is called
A)
economic feasibility.
B)
operational feasibility.
C)
scheduling feasibility.
D)
technical feasibility.
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30)
Accountants can contribute to feasibility study analysis by evaluating cost
savings and other benefits versus operating costs and other cash outflows. This
is better known as
A)
the "best guess" model of benefit analysis.
B)
the "value added" benefit model.
C)
the capital budgeting model.
D)
the estimated benefits model.
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31)
The capital budgeting technique where estimated future cash flows are
discounted back to the present is referred to as
A)
the future value method.
B)
the internal rate of return.
C)
the net present value method.
D)
the payback method.
87
32)
The type of user resistance in which data are erroneously entered into a system
is called
A)
acceptance.
B)
aggression.
C)
avoidance.
D)
projection.
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33)
Continuing to use a manual system instead of the new AIS is a form of
resistance known as
A)
acceptance.
B)
aggression.
C)
avoidance.
D)
projection.
89
34)
One behavioral problem occurs when there is insufficient explanation of why a
change must take place. This problem is a result of
A)
communication.
B)
natural resistance to change.
C)
the manner in which the change is introduced.
D)
top management support of change.
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35)
Major resistance to change takes one of several forms. What is the name of the
form of resistance where the new system is blamed for any and every unpleasant
occurrence?
A)
aggression
B)
avoidance
C)
procrastination
D)
projection
89
36)
One behavioral problem occurs when there is insufficient explanation of why a
change must take place. In order to curtail this resistance from occurring
within the organization, what guideline should be implemented and followed?
A)
attempt to meet the users' needs
B)
avoid emotionalism
C)
keep communication lines open
D)
keep the system simple
90
37)
A good rule to follow to prevent behavioral problems associated with
implementing a new system is "Avoid complex systems that cause radical
changes." What expression is used to describe this system design rule?
A)
allay fears and stress new opportunities
B)
keep the system simple and humanize it
C)
control users' expectations
D)
test the system
90
38)
During what step in systems analysis is an examination made of each development
activity to define the problem to be solved?
A)
information needs and systems requirements
B)
the feasibility study
C)
the initial investigation
D)
the systems survey
90
39)
When is a proposal to conduct a systems analysis prepared?
A)
after a written request for systems development is prepared
B)
after the development team completes the survey of the existing AIS
C)
after the initial investigation of the project is approved
D)
before the initial investigation
91
40)
During which phase of systems analysis does modeling of the existing system
occur?
A)
information needs and system requirements
B)
the feasibility study
C)
the initial investigation
D)
the systems survey
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41)
Which data gathering method is most helpful to deal with the question:
"Why?"
A)
interviews
B)
observation by the analyst
C)
questionnaires
D)
system documentation
42)
Significant system changes were implemented two months ago. The changes were
well-planned, well-designed, thoroughly tested before and after conversion, and
several employee training sessions were conducted. Still, the changes haven't
resulted in any productivity increases, cost savings, or process improvements.
Management is puzzled and needs to find out why the system isn't successful.
The best action for management to take is
A)
conduct face-to-face interviews with managers, key personnel, and randomly
selected employees from each functional area impacted by the system changes in
an attempt to discover why the changes aren't effective.
B)
make sure the system changes were well documented and review the documentation
to see if perhaps some important feature or process was overlooked during the
design phase.
C)
email a series of questions to all employees, asking for input about further
changes that would bring about the desired results.
D)
advise employees that consultants will be conducting observation sessions over
the next two weeks to determine if employees have fully implemented changes and
whether there is any evidence of resistance to the changes.
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43)
Which method of data gathering is most likely to result in information
that represents the personal biases and opinions of the person giving the
information?
A)
a questionnaire
B)
an interview
C)
observation by the analyst
D)
system documentation
92
44)
When the information is brief and well defined, which is the best
data-gathering approach to use?
A)
a questionnaire
B)
an interview
C)
observation by the analyst
D)
system documentation
45)
Which is the best data-gathering approach to use when information must
be obtained from many different people?
A)
a questionnaire
B)
an interview
C)
observation by the analyst
D)
system documentation
46)
The ________ method of gathering information helps to determine how a system
actually works.
A)
interview
B)
observation
C)
questionnaire
D)
system documentation
47)
The ________ method of gathering information helps to determine how a system
should work.
A)
interview
B)
observation
C)
questionnaire
D)
system documentation
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48)
What are the best strategies for determining system requirements?
A)
analyze existing systems, ask users what they need, prototyping, and monitoring
B)
ask users what they need, analyze existing systems, develop concept of new
system, and prototyping
C)
ask users what they need, analyze existing systems, examine existing system
utilization, and prototyping
D)
ask users what they need, analyze existing systems, examine existing system
utilization, and develop concept of new system
49)
When would a company go through a systems development life cycle?
A)
only when major changes are needed
B)
only when minor changes are needed
C)
Usually a company only goes through one complete systems development life
cycle, after which the only phase that is repeated is the operations and
maintenance phase.
D)
whenever minor or major changes are needed
79
50)
What report serves as a repository of data from which systems designers can
draw information?
A)
the executive steering committee report
B)
the initial investigation report
C)
the systems analysis report
D)
the systems survey report
51)
Which group is responsible for preparing a systems analysis report?
A)
computer analysts
B)
management
C)
the project development team
D)
the steering committee
52)
In which systems analysis step do analysts conduct an extensive study of the
present system to gain a thorough understanding of how it works?
A)
feasibility study
B)
information needs and requirements
C)
systems analysis report
D)
systems survey
53)
The question of what the project should and should not accomplish is determined
in what step of systems analysis?
A)
feasibility study
B)
initial investigation
C)
systems analysis report
D)
systems survey
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54)
A Logical model used to gather information about an existing system
A)
comes only after a physical model of the existing system is created.
B)
describes how a system actually works, rather than how it should work.
C)
illustrates how a system functions by describing the flow of documents and
computer processes.
D)
illustrates what is being done, regardless of how that flow is actually
accomplished.
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55)
The system objective concerned that crucial information be produced first, and
then less important items as time permits is known as
A)
flexibility.
B)
reliability.
C)
timeliness.
D)
usefulness.
95
56)
A prototype
A)
is expensive to create and is therefore only created once user needs are
well-defined.
B)
is making an internal and external review of the system to be analyzed, noting
that users may not use the existing AIS as intended.
C)
is typically created during the physical design phase of systems development.
D)
can be used to help users identify and communicate their system needs.
95
57) A project
development team at Midwest Construction was assigned the task of improving the
efficiency of the firm's accounting information system. As part of the ________
step in the systems development life cycle, the team has determined that implementation
of the new system will yield an internal rate of return of 24.8%.
A) systems
analysis
B) operations
and maintenance
C)
implementation and conversion
D) conceptual
design
81
58) A project
development team at Midwest Construction was assigned the task of improving the
efficiency of the firm's accounting information system. As part of the ________
step in the systems development life cycle, the team has determined that the
objectives of the project can be accomplished by installing a new computer
system or by upgrading the existing system.
A) systems
analysis
B)
implementation and conversion
C) physical
design
D) conceptual
design
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59) A project
development team at Midwest Construction was assigned the task of improving the
efficiency of the firm's accounting information system. As part of the ________
step in the systems development life cycle, the team has initiated an end user
training program in preparation for switching over to the new system.
A) systems
analysis
B) operations
and maintenance
C)
implementation and conversion
D) physical
design
82
60) A project
development team at Midwest Construction was assigned the task of improving the
efficiency of the firm's accounting information system. As part of the ________
step in the systems development life cycle, the team defined the procedures to
back up and secure system data.
A) operations
and maintenance
B)
implementation and conversion
C) physical
design
D) conceptual
design
82
61) Refer to the
diagram below, where the numbers next to the arrows refer to the number of days
required for completion of the corresponding activity. What is the critical
path?
A)
A-B-D-F
B)
A-C-E-F
C)
A-B-D-E-F
D)
A-C-B-D-F
E)
A-C-B-D-E-F
84
62) Refer to the
diagram below, where the numbers next to the arrows refer to the number of days
required for completion of the corresponding activity. What is the critical
path?
A)
A-B-D-F
B)
A-C-E-F
C)
A-B-D-E-F
D)
A-C-B-D-F
E)
A-C-B-D-E-F
84
63) Refer to the
diagram below, where the numbers next to the arrows refer to the number of days
required for completion of the corresponding activity. What is the critical
path?
A)
A-B-D-F
B)
A-C-E-F
C)
A-B-D-E-F
D)
A-C-B-D-F
E)
A-C-B-D-E-F
84
64) Three months
after a new telephone system with voice mail was installed at Modest
Expectations College in Pennsylvania, several senior faculty members were
contacted by a telecommunications secretary and were told that their voice mail
boxes were full. This is an example of dealing with change by
A) deterrence.
B) projection.
C) avoidance.
D) aggression.
89
65) Shortly
after a new automated quality assurance system went online, production output
declined by three percent. The production manager, a long time employee, blamed
the new system. He argued that "after we laid off Tom and Jimmy and put
this machine in, things just slowed down. Nothing seems to work right
anymore." This is an example of dealing with change by
A) deterrence.
B) projection.
C) avoidance.
D) aggression.
89
66) On March 18,
2008, a newly installed robotic painting system broke down. A technician was
called to repair the system. She found that a shoe had been shoved into the
system's innards. This is an example of dealing with change by
A) deterrence.
B) projection.
C) avoidance.
D) aggression.
89
67) Refer to the
table below, which shows the results of payback, net present value, and
internal rate of return analysis of four projects. Which is preferred by the
payback criterion?
A)
Project A
B)
Project B
C)
Project C
D)
Project D
87
68) Refer to the
table below, which shows the results of payback, net present value, and
internal rate of return analysis of four projects. Which is preferred by the
net present value criterion?
A)
Project A
B)
Project B
C)
Project C
D)
Project D
87
69) Refer to the
table below, which shows the results of payback, net present value, and
internal rate of return analysis of four projects. Which is preferred by the
internal rate of return criterion?
A)
Project A
B)
Project B
C)
Project C
D)
Project D
87
70) Refer to the
table below, which shows the results of payback, net present value, and
internal rate of return analysis of four projects. Which is preferred by the
internal rate of return criterion?
A)
Project A
B)
Project B
C)
Project C
D)
Project D
87
71) Refer to the
table below, which shows the results of payback, net present value, and
internal rate of return analysis of four projects. Which is preferred by the
net present value criterion?
A)
Project A
B)
Project B
C)
Project C
D)
Project D
87
72) Refer to the
table below, which shows the results of payback, net present value, and
internal rate of return analysis of four projects. Which is preferred by the
payback criterion?
A)
Project A
B)
Project B
C)
Project C
D)
Project D
87
73)
Dysfunctional employee behavior in response to implementation of a new
computerized information system is likely to be the result of
A) poor human
resource policies.
B) lack of
communication and training.
C) weak system
controls.
D) inadequate compensation
policies.
88
74) The least
time-consuming method of collecting data for use in a systems survey is
A) observation.
B) interviews.
C)
questionnaires.
D) reviewing
system documentation.
92
75) Which of the
following is the most important and frequently analyzed aspect of a feasibility
study?
A) Economic
feasibility
B) Technical
feasibility
C) Legal
feasibility
D) Operational
feasibility
86
76) Which of the
following aspect of a feasibility study is concerned with meeting external reporting
requirements?
A) Technical
feasibility
B) Legal
feasibility
C) Scheduling
feasibility
D) Operational
feasibility
86
77) Which of the
following aspect of a feasibility study is concerned with human resources?
A) Technical
feasibility
B) Legal
feasibility
C) Scheduling
feasibility
D) Operational
feasibility
86
78)
Identify the main reasons why companies change existing systems?
79)
Who makes up the project development team and what is the team's purpose?
80)
Describe the five phases of systems analysis.
81)
Describe the four primary objectives of a systems survey conducted during
systems analysis.
82)
Identify and briefly discuss the points at which a "go/no go"
decision is made in the systems analysis process.
83)
Describe the physical design stage of the systems development life cycle.
84)
Describe the importance of the master plan in systems development.
85)
Identify and discuss the role of the groups that influence the development and
implementation of an AIS.
86)
Describe economic feasibility analysis. What techniques are used in economic
feasibility analysis?
87)
Discuss the relative advantages and disadvantages of the four different methods
for gathering data during a systems survey.
88)
Identify and describe the five types of feasibility that must be considered
throughout the system development life cycle.
89)
What are some of the reasons why behavioral problems occur when a new AIS is
introduced?
90)
For each of the following items, discuss which of the four data gathering
methods would be most appropriate and why.
a.
Eliciting 300 employees' opinions on a new incentive program to replace the
current bonus program.
b.
Identifying how the credit approval process for new customers is supposed to be
conducted and by whom.
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