TEST BANK OF SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE 7TH EDITION BY BURD
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Chapter 07
Input Output Technology
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1. For video display, a pixel displays no light or light of
a specific color and intensity.
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2. Image quality improves as dots per inch increases.
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3. Image quality improves as pixel size increases.
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4. On paper, pixel size corresponds to the smallest drop of
ink that can be placed accurately on the page.
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5. Decades ago, printers adopted 1/32 of an inch as a
standard pixel size.
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6. For people and computers, a printed character must
exactly match a specific pixel map to be recognizable.
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7. Point size refers to characters’ width.
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8. A monochrome display can display black, white, and many
shades of gray in between, so it requires 8 bits per pixel.
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9. An IDL can represent image components as embedded fonts,
vectors, curves and shapes, and embedded bitmaps.
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10. IDLs are a simple form of compression.
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11. LCD displays have less contrast than other flat panel
displays because color filters reduce the total amount of light passing
through the front of the panel.
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12. Phosphors emit colored light in liquid crystal displays.
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13. Because plasma displays actively generate colored light
near the display surface, they’re brighter and have a wider viewing angle
than LCDs.
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14. OLED displays combine many of the best features of LCD
and plasma displays.
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15. Impact technology began with dot matrix printers.
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16. Color laser output uses four separate print generators.
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17. An advantage of optical over mechanical mice is a lack
of moving parts that can be contaminated with dust and dirt.
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18. Bar-code readers are typically used to track large
numbers of inventory items, as in grocery store inventory and checkout,
package tracking, warehouse inventory control, and zip code routing for
postal mail.
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19. Modern bar codes encode data in three dimensions.
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20. Character and text recognition is most accurate when
text is printed in a single font and style, with all text oriented in the
same direction on the page.
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21. Error rates of 1-2% are common using OCR software with
mixed-font text and even higher with handwritten text.
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22. A digital still camera captures and stores one image at
a time.
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23. Moving image quality improves as the number of frames
per second (fps) decreases.
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24. Typically, digital cameras capture 14 to 20 fps.
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25. Most portable data capture devices combine a keyboard,
mark or bar-code scanner, and wireless connection to a wired base station,
cash register, or computer system.
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26. For sound reproduction that sounds natural to people,
frequencies between 20 Hz and 20 KHz must be sampled at least 96,000 times
per second.
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27. Sound varies by frequency (pitch) and intensity
(loudness).
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28. Continuous speech is a series of nonstop interconnected
phonemes.
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29. Phonemes sound similar when voiced repetitively by the
same person.
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30. A significant advantage of MIDI is its compact storage
format.
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31. Each cell in the matrix representing one part of a
digital image is called a ____.
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32. The ____ of a display is the number of pixels displayed
per linear measurement unit.
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33. In the United States, resolution is generally stated in
____.
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34. Written Western languages are based on systems of
symbols called ____.
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35. A collection of characters of similar style and
appearance is called a ____.
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36. The number of distinct colors or gray shades that can
be displayed is sometimes called the ____.
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37. A(n) ____ is simply a table of colors.
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38. ____ is a process that generates color approximations
by placing small dots of different colors in an interlocking pattern.
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39. In graphics, a ____ is a line segment with a specific
angle and length in relation to a point of origin.
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40. Components of a video controller include display
generator circuitry, software stored in ROM, a video processor, and ____.
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41. Video display panels are connected to a ____ that’s
connected to a port on the system bus or a dedicated video bus.
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42. The number of refresh cycles per second is normally
stated in hertz and called the ____.
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43. A(n) ____ display includes one or more transistors for
every display pixel.
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44. ____ technology etches display pixels and the
transistors and traces that control/illuminate them onto a glass substrate.
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45. A ____ contains a matrix of liquid crystals sandwiched
between two polarizing filter panels that block all light except light
approaching from a specific angle.
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46. ____ displays use excited gas and phosphors to generate
colored light.
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47. Modern ____ displays achieve high-quality color display
with organic compounds.
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48. OLED displays combine features from both LED and plasma
display, including: ____.
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49. A(n) ____ printer moves a print head containing a
matrix of pins over the paper.
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50. A modern large format printer is a _____ printer that
can print on wider-than normal rolls of paper.
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51. A(n) ____ operates with an electrical charge and the
attraction of ink to this charge.
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52. A ____ is a printer that generates line drawings on
wide sheets or rolls of paper.
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53. Pointing devices can be used to enter drawings into a
computer system or control the position of a(n) ____ on a display device.
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54. Touch position sensing in a touch screen is usually
based on ____.
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55. ____ sensors capture input from special-purpose symbols
placed on paper or the flat surfaces of 3D objects.
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56. A(n) ____ detects specific patterns of bars or boxes.
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57. Bar-code readers use ____that sweep a narrow beam back
and forth across the bar code.
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58. PDF417 bar codes can hold around ____ of data.
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59. A(n) ____ generates bitmap representations of printed
images.
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60. ____ devices combine optical-scanning technology with a
special-purpose processor or software to interpret bitmap content.
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61. The process of converting analog sound waves to digital
representation is called ____.
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62. A(n) ____ accepts a continuous electrical signal
representing sound (such as microphone input), samples it at regular
intervals, and outputs a stream of bits representing the samples.
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63. A(n) ____ accepts a stream of bits representing sound
samples and generating a continuous electrical signal that can be amplified
and routed to a speaker.
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64. ____ output is only able to generate one frequency
(note) at a time.
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65. ____ is the process of recognizing and responding to
the meaning embedded in spoken words, phrases, or sentences.
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66. Human speech consists of a series of sounds called
____, roughly corresponding to the sounds of each letter of the alphabet.
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67. Most current speech-recognition systems are ____, which
means they must be “trained” to recognize the sounds of human speakers.
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68. A(n) ____ is a microprocessor specialized for
processing continuous streams of audio or graphical data.
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69. ____ is a standard for storing and transporting control
information between computers and electronic musical instruments.
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70. Up to ____ channels of MIDI data can be sent over the
same serial transmission line
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71. As ____________________ size increases image quality improves.
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72. To an observer, the quality of a printed or displayed
image increases as ____________________ size increases.
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73. Font size is measured in units called
____________________.
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74. The ____________________ colors are cyan, magenta, and
yellow.
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75. A stored set of numbers describing the content of all
pixels in an image is called a(n) ____________________.
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76. ____________________ dithering is usually called
half-toning.
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77. Postscript is a(n) ____________________ designed mainly
for printed documents, although it can also be used to generate video display
outputs.
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78. Each transfer of a full screen of data from the display
generator to the monitor is called a(n) ____________________.
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79. Direct3D and ____________________ are widely-used video
controller IDLs.
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80. A(n) ____________________ matrix display uses one or
more transistors for every pixel.
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81. A(n) ____________________ matrix display shares
transistors among rows and columns of pixels.
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82. A(n) plasma display pixel excites gas into a(n)
____________________ plasma state to generate UV light.
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83. Of all flat panel displays, ____________________ have
the shortest operational lifetimes.
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84. When keys are pressed, a keyboard controller generates
output called a(n) ____________________.
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85. A(n) mouse that can detect motion with
____________________ dimensions uses an embedded gyroscope.
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86. A(n) ____________________ is an LCD or LED display with
additional TFT layers that detect the position of electrical field changes
based on capacitance.
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87. Digitizing tablets and tablet PCs are examples of
____________________, a general class of input devices.
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88. ____________________ touchscreen input interprets a
sequence of touch information as a single command
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89. A(n) ____________________ scans for light or dark marks
at specific locations on a page.
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90. Digital still cameras, video cameras, and Webcams use
an array of ____________________ placed behind lenses to capture reflected
and focused ambient light.
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91. Human-assisted ____________________ procedures are
required in many applications to deal with error rates of OCR technology.
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92. ____________________ is a series of phonemes
interspersed with periods of silence.
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93. A device that generates spoken messages based on text
input is called a(n) ____________________.
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94. The term ____________________ describes hardware that
can generate multiple sound frequencies at the same time.
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95. Describe the relationship between image quality, pixel
size, and resolution?
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96. Explain the term point size as it relates to fonts.
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97. Of liquid crystal, plasma, LED, and OLED displays,
which is best and why?
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98. Why do modern systems typically use 2D bar codes
instead of more traditional bar codes composed of lines of varying thickness.
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99. Describe the components of a sound card.
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